Listen & Subscribe Download MP3. 25. Economics of time and time preference, from Principles of Economics. Discussion of the economics of time, based on chapter 3 in Saifedean's forthcoming textbook, Principles of Economics. Why is time the ultimate resource, and how does money affect time preference.Compellingly, Ammous shows that it is no coincidence that the loftiest achievements of humanity have come in societies enjoying the benefits of sound monetary regimes, nor is it coincidental that monetary collapse has usually accompanied civilizational collapse. With this background in place, the book moves on to explain the …Author Saifedean Ammous takes the reader on an engaging journey through the history of technologies performing the functions of money, from primitive systems of trading limestones and seashells, to metals, coins, the gold standard, and modern government debt. Exploring what gave these technologies their monetary role, and how most lost it ...Watch Full Episode on: @SimplyBitcoin Connect with Swan Bitcoin: 🎬 YouTube: https://youtube.com/@Swan_Bitcoin 🐦 Twitter: https://twitter.com/Swan ... sort by. The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking. by. Saifedean Ammous (Goodreads Author) 4.16 avg rating — 10,401 ratings — published 2018 — 49 editions. Want to Read. saving…. Want to Read. Currently Reading. Dr. Saifedean Ammous is the author of The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling groundbreaking study of the economics of bitcoin. The book was a ...Author Saifedean Ammous takes the reader on an engaging journey through the history of technologies performing the functions of money, from primitive systems of trading limestones and seashells, to metals, coins, the gold standard, and modern government debt. Exploring what gave these technologies their monetary role, and how most lost it ...Saifedean Ammous is author of the seminal book, The Bitcoin Standard, which has been translated into dozen of languages.He is also author of The Fiat Standard and an upcoming book on the … Learn about bitcoin and economics from Dr. Saifedean Ammous, the author of The Bitcoin Standard and The Fiat Standard. Join his online academy, read his books, listen to his podcast, and see his testimonials. The founding work of Austrian economics on the topic is Menger’s essay On the Origins of Money. Mises’ most important work might be The Theory of Money and Credit, which he completed when he was only 30. A century later, many economists have written books on money, but practically nobody has added much that is useful to what Mises wrote.Holds a PhD in Sustainable Development from Columbia University, an MSc in Development Management from London School of Economics, and a Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering from the American University of Beirut. Saifedean Ammous is a Udemy instructor with educational courses available for enrollment. Check out the latest courses taught by ...Ammous, Saifedean. 2015. "Economics beyond Financial Intermediation: Digital Currencies' Possibilities for Growth, Poverty Alleviation, and International Development." The Journal of Private Enterprise, 30(3): 19-50. Number of pages: 32 Posted: 01 Sep 2016. Saifedean Ammous Saifedean Ammous Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2018, 305 pp. The “crypto world,” as the budding industry based on the applica-tion of blockchain technology is often called, is a very tribal place. Saifedean Ammous is a leading economist and author who has written several books on the economics of bitcoin and other topics. His books are published in 37 languages and have over …Sep 24, 2018 · Saifedean Ammous Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2018, 305 pp. The “crypto world,” as the budding industry based on the applica-tion of blockchain technology is often called, is a very tribal place ...Dr. Saifedean Ammous is the author of The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling groundbreaking study of the economics of bitcoin. The book was a ...Please confirm you want to block this member. You will no longer be able to: See blocked member's posts Mention this member in posts Invite this member to groups Message this member Add this member as a connection SAIFEDEAN AMMOUS [email protected] COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Sustainable Development Placement Director: John Mutter [email protected] 212 854 0716 Placement Director: Douglas Almond [email protected] 212 854 7248 Graduate Student Coordinator: Mona Khalidi [email protected] 212 854 8690 Office Contact Information Please confirm you want to block this member. You will no longer be able to: See blocked member's posts Mention this member in posts Invite this member to groups Message this member Add this member as a connectionDec 11, 2020 · Welcome to another episode of SALT Talks. Today’s guest is Dr. Saifedean Ammous, the author of The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central...Saifedean Ammous is an internationally best-selling economist and author. In 2018, Ammous authored The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling book on bitcoin, published in 37 languages. In 2021, he published The Fiat Standard: The Debt Slavery Alternative to Human Civilization, …Please confirm you want to block this member. You will no longer be able to: See blocked member's posts Mention this member in posts Invite this member to groups Message this member Add this member as a connectionAuthor Saifedean Ammous takes the reader on an engaging journey through the history of technologies performing the functions of money, from primitive systems of trading limestones and seashells, to metals, coins, the gold standard, and modern government debt. Exploring what gave these technologies their monetary role, and how most lost it ...Seleccionar el departamento en el que deseas buscar ...0:00 / 4:14:40. Saifedean Ammous is an Austrian economist and author of The Bitcoin Standard and The Fiat Standard. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:...Saifedean Ammous. Nakladatelství Braiins Publishing připravilo pro české a slovenské čtenáře dlouho očekávaný překlad knihy, která již od svého prvního vydání v roce 2018 patří mezi základní četbu pro všechny, kdo chtějí do hloubky porozumět peněžní podstatě bitcoinu. Autor, světově uznávaný ekonom a teoretik ... Saifedean Ammous is Assistant Professor of Economics at the Lebanese American University. He holds a PhD in Sustainable Development from Columbia University (2011). His dissertation examined policies supporting biofuels in the United States and the European Union as a case study in energy and environmental policy. Ammous’s research interests ... In The Fiat Standard, world-renowned economist Saifedean Ammous applies his unique analytical lens to the fiat monetary system, explaining it as a feat of engineering and technology just as he did for bitcoin in his global best seller The Bitcoin Standard.This time, Ammous delves into the world's earlier shift from the gold standard to today's system of …Details of translations, and links to buy them, are available below. If you are a publisher of one of these translations and would like to have links listed here, please email info(at)saifedean.com. …Read writing from Saifedean Ammous on Medium. Paleostinian libertarian academic economist, footballer, Liverpool supporter, grill-master, and bitcoiner. Opinions aren't mine; they're all yours.Mar 21, 2023 · @saifedean Professor Block argues that Israel is a force for liberty that even an anarchist should support. I argue that political Zionism is the socialist central planning of land ownership, and not possible without violation of …Courses. When you join Saifedean.com you gain access to all four online economics courses, as well as my books and forum membership! You can also join the weekly discussion seminars …Saifedean Ammous is an internationally best-selling economist and author. In 2018, Ammous authored The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling book on bitcoin, published in 36 languages. In 2021, he published The Fiat Standard: The Debt Slavery Alternative to Human … Accessing this course requires a login. Please enter your credentials below! Saifedean Ammous’ first book, The Bitcoin Standard, is an international best-seller that has been translated into 36 languages. The book garnered praise from respected scholars, successful entrepreneurs, professional athletes, and countless readers worldwide for its engaging and enlightening presentation of sophisticated …186 quotes from Saifedean Ammous: 'This is a historical lesson of immense significance, and should be kept in mind by anyone who thinks his refusal of Bitcoin means he doesn't have to deal with it. History shows it is not possible to insulate yourself from the consequences of others holding money that is harder than …Lebanon. Dr. Saifedean Ammous is a world-renowned economist, educator, and bestselling author on Bitcoin. Dr. Ammous’s work on Bitcoin and cryptocurrency has made him a household name in the financial sector. His book, The Bitcoin Standard, is the bestselling study of the economics of Bitcoin which has been translated to over 35 …Apr 27, 2010 · Saifedean Ammous. @saifedean. ·. 9h. 1 bitcoin = 1 bitcoin anywhere, anytime, accessible to anyone. Treasuries & jpeg receipts are an infinite kaleidoscope of maturities & dates & issuers & ugly animals & there’s no guarantee anyone will want your unique token when you need to sell it. Jul 8, 2023 · Best-selling economist and author of The Bitcoin Standard, Saifedean Ammous, has expressed his belief that Bitcoin could solve challenges facing the current financial system.. According to Ammous, Bitcoin is a superior form of money compared to traditional currencies, while emphasizing the urgency of adopting the … SAIFEDEAN AMMOUS [email protected] COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Sustainable Development Placement Director: John Mutter [email protected] 212 854 0716 Placement Director: Douglas Almond [email protected] 212 854 7248 Graduate Student Coordinator: Mona Khalidi [email protected] 212 854 8690 Office Contact Information Saifedean Ammous is an economist and author of The Bitcoin Standard and Principles of Economics. Learn from his online courses, podcasts, and books on the economics of bitcoin …Episode Notes. Saifedean Ammous joins me to discuss the history of conflict in Palestine, the violation of private property, the propaganda of mainstream media, and the ability of Bitcoin to mitigate future conflicts. Saifedean Ammous is the author of The Bitcoin Standard, The Fiat Standard, and Principles of Economics.Author Saifedean Ammous takes the reader on an engaging journey through the history of technologies performing the functions of money, from primitive systems of trading limestones and seashells, to metals, coins, the gold standard, and modern government debt. Exploring what gave these technologies their monetary role, and how most lost it ...Apr 24, 2018 · The Bitcoin Standard. by Saifedean Ammous and James Fouhey | Aug 7, 2018. 91. MP3 CD. $2499. FREE delivery Sat, Aug 26 on $25 of items shipped by Amazon. Or fastest delivery Fri, Aug 25. Only 3 left in stock (more on the way). More Buying Choices. Arabic – Dr. Saifedean Ammous. Books. The Bitcoin Standard. Principles of Economics. The Fiat Standard. Courses. Principles of Economics. The Fiat Standard. Hard questions on hard money.Listen & Subscribe Download MP3. 25. Economics of time and time preference, from Principles of Economics. Discussion of the economics of time, based on chapter 3 in Saifedean's forthcoming textbook, Principles of Economics. Why is time the ultimate resource, and how does money affect time preference.Saifedean Ammous first book, The Bitcoin Standard, is an international best-seller that has been translated into 36 languages. The book garnered praise from respected scholars, successful entrepreneurs, professional athletes, and countless readers worldwide for its engaging and enlightening presentation of sophisticated economic and technical …Saifedean.com membership. $15. / month. Membership on saifedean.com, which includes: -Weekly chapter from my forthcoming books: The Fiat Standard and Principles of Economics. -Full access to my four online courses on the new learning platform. -Audio & digital book versions of The Fiat Standard and Principles of …Saifedean Ammous. 18 books423 followers. Saifedean Ammous is an internationally best-selling author and economist. In 2018, Ammous authored The Bitcoin …Aug 22, 2020 · The Bitcoin Standard podcast is releasing a recording of the weekly Saifedean.com discussion seminar. The seminar is open to learners on Saifedean.com, and focuses on discussing the material of the courses, as well as a broader discussion of Bitcoin, Austrian economics, and various current affairs. Become a member of Saifedean.com here to ... Jan 2, 2023 · This article reviews the Bitcoin Standard, by Saifedean Ammous, advocates for Bitcoin as "an unstoppable and globally accessible hard money alternative to modern central banks." This book has become one of the go to resources for newcomers learning about its position in the history of money. Saifedean Ammous is an Austrian economist and author of The Bitcoin Standard and The Fiat Standard. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:... Saifedean Ammous is an internationally best-selling economist and author. In 2018, Ammous authored The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central …Seleccionar el departamento en el que deseas buscar ...This course covers Dr. Ammous’s second book, The Fiat Standard: The Debt Slavery Alternative to Human Civilization.The book and course examine the fiat monetary system as it currently exists, and the implications of its widespread implementation. Similar to how The Bitcoin Standard explained the functional essence of bitcoin and its potential social and …Fiat Standard: Debt Slavery Alternative to Human Civilization (Course) This course covers Dr. Ammous’s second book, The Fiat Standard: The Debt Slavery Alternative to Human Civilization. The book and course examine the fiat monetary system…. Free. 29 Lessons.Saifedean Ammous is Assistant Professor of Economics at the Lebanese American University. He holds a PhD in Sustainable Development from Columbia University (2011). His dissertation … In The Fiat Standard, world-renowned economist Saifedean Ammous applies his unique analytical lens to the fiat monetary system, explaining it as a feat of engineering and technology just as he did for bitcoin in his global bestseller The Bitcoin Standard. This time, Ammous delves into the world’s earlier shift from the gold standard to today ... Bitcoin Austria presents the book presentation and discussion of Saifedean Ammous: The Bitcoin Standard. Quick jump: 4:32 Main Talk // 27:34 Discussion // 1... Principles of Economics. - NOW AVAILABLE! Principles of Economics is a university-level textbook in economics that offers a clear and concise exploration of the most important economic concepts. This book is unapologetically Austrian in its approach. It tackles major economic concepts and topics independently, but in a logical sequence aimed at ... Jan 16, 2021 · Capitalists assume, or rather elevate, self-interest to be the greatest virtue. But humans are not one-dimensional. With that introduction, chapter 1 of Principles bothers me. Saifedean implies that a law requiring minimum wage is evil. This is right, and also wrong. In a capitalist system, monopolies and cartels are … MEAT. For simple grilling, I recommend beef ribeyes, porterhouse, t-bones, striploins, fillets, and picanhas, as well as lamb chops, and if you are in the Levant, other parts of the great Awassi fat-tailed sheep, the Mercedes Benz of ruminants, as I like to call it. Burgers are also great to grill, as are meat skewers. Saifedean Ammous is Assistant Professor of Economics at the Lebanese American University. He holds a PhD in Sustainable Development from Columbia University (2011). His dissertation …May 18, 2023 · Saifedean Ammous is an internationally best-selling economist and author. In 2018, Ammous authored The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alter-native to Central Banking, the best-selling book on bitcoin, published in 36 languages. In 2021, he published The Fiat Standard: The Debt Slavery Alter-Description Signed hardcover, audio & digital books + annual membership. INCLUDES: Full audiobook; Digital version of Principles of Economics in pdf, epub, and kindle formats; Signed hardcover; 1 Year Membership on Saifedean’s Academy; Get a signed & personally dedicated hardcover, along with audio & digital books + a giftable annual membership on … Saifedean Ammous. This dissertation studies the science and policy-making of alternative energy using biofuels as a case study, primarily examining the instruments that can be used to alleviate ... Saifedean Ammous’ first book, The Bitcoin Standard, is an international best-seller that has been translated into 36 languages. The book garnered praise from respected scholars, successful entrepreneurs, professional athletes, and countless readers worldwide for its engaging and enlightening presentation of sophisticated economic and technical …Fiat Standard: Debt Slavery Alternative to Human Civilization (Course) This course covers Dr. Ammous’s second book, The Fiat Standard: The Debt Slavery Alternative to Human Civilization. The book and course examine the fiat monetary system…. Free. 29 Lessons.Dr. Saifedean Ammous is the author of The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling groundbreaking study of the economics of bitcoin. The book was a ...Ammous, Saifedean. 2015. "Economics beyond Financial Intermediation: Digital Currencies' Possibilities for Growth, Poverty Alleviation, and International Development." The Journal of Private Enterprise, 30(3): 19-50. Number of pages: 32 Posted: 01 Sep 2016. Saifedean AmmousChoose your membership level. Membership-$15.00-1 Month. Get access to all Saifedean's books in digital format, 4 courses and forum membership. Membership+-$45.00-1 Month. Get access to all books in digital format, 4 courses, forum membership & live weekly seminars. Yearly membership-$100.00-1 Year. Get year-round access to all books in …Saifedean Ammous masterfully weaves together historical context, economic theory, and technological innovation to present a compelling case for a new monetary standard. The book provides valuable ...Apr 1, 2023 · Saifedean Ammous masterfully weaves together historical context, economic theory, and technological innovation to present a compelling case for a new monetary standard. The book provides valuable ... In The Fiat Standard, world-renowned economist Saifedean Ammous applies his unique analytical lens to the fiat monetary system, explaining it as a feat of engineering and technology just as he did for bitcoin in his global best seller The Bitcoin Standard.This time, Ammous delves into the world's earlier shift from …Feb 3, 2020 · SAIFEDEAN AMMOUS [email protected] COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Sustainable Development Placement Director: John Mutter [email protected] 212 854 0716 Placement Director: Douglas Almond [email protected] 212 854 7248 Graduate Student Coordinator: Mona Khalidi [email protected] 212 854 8690 …Please confirm you want to block this member. You will no longer be able to: See blocked member's posts Mention this member in posts Invite this member to groups Message this member Add this member as a connectionDr. Saifedean Ammous is the author of The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling groundbreaking study of the economics of bitcoin. The book was a ...Saifedean Ammous; Page: 412; Format: pdf, ePub, mobi, fb2; ISBN: 9798987975510; Publisher: The Saif House; Download eBook. Free book cd download …Even though this course has been completed, students purchasing it can attend live weekly discussion seminars with Dr. Ammous, open only to students on academy.saifedean.com,… Free. 10 Lessons. ECO31: Hard Questions on Hard Money.Aug 8, 2016 · The paper concludes that a blockchain is a peculiar engineering design whose only advantage is in removing third party intermediation to allow for the creation of digital cash, and is unlikely to offer economic advantages for any commercial problem other than the one it was specifically engineered to solve. …Saifedean Ammous’ first book, The Bitcoin Standard, is an international best-seller that has been translated into 36 languages. The book garnered praise from respected scholars, successful entrepreneurs, professional athletes, and countless readers worldwide for its engaging and enlightening presentation of sophisticated economic and technical …Saifedean Ammous is an internationally best-selling author and economist. In 2018, Ammous authored The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling book on bitcoin, published in 36 languages. In 2021, he published The Fiat Standard: The Debt Slavery Alternative to Human Civilization, available in 12 ... MEAT. For simple grilling, I recommend beef ribeyes, porterhouse, t-bones, striploins, fillets, and picanhas, as well as lamb chops, and if you are in the Levant, other parts of the great Awassi fat-tailed sheep, the Mercedes Benz of ruminants, as I like to call it. Burgers are also great to grill, as are meat skewers. Saifedean Ammous masterfully weaves together historical context, economic theory, and technological innovation to present a compelling case for a new monetary standard. The book provides valuable ...Saifedean Ammous’ first book, The Bitcoin Standard, is an international best-seller that has been translated into 36 languages. The book garnered praise from respected scholars, successful entrepreneurs, professional athletes, and countless readers worldwide for its engaging and enlightening presentation of sophisticated economic and ...In The Fiat Standard, world-renowned economist Saifedean Ammous applies his unique analytical lens to the fiat monetary system, explaining it as a feat of engineering and …Please confirm you want to block this member. You will no longer be able to: See blocked member's posts Mention this member in posts Invite this member to groups Message this member Add this member as a connectionSaifedean Ammous’ first book, The Bitcoin Standard, is an international best-seller that has been translated into 36 languages. The book garnered praise from respected scholars, successful entrepreneurs, professional athletes, and countless readers worldwide for its engaging and enlightening presentation of sophisticated economic and ...Please confirm you want to block this member. You will no longer be able to: See blocked member's posts Mention this member in postsListen & Subscribe Download MP3. 25. Economics of time and time preference, from Principles of Economics. Discussion of the economics of time, based on chapter 3 in Saifedean's forthcoming textbook, Principles of Economics. Why is time the ultimate resource, and how does money affect time preference.
Polish Edition | by Saifedean Ammous | Jan 1, 2020. 4.9 out of 5 stars 32. Paperback. $29.44 $ 29. 44. FREE delivery Dec 29 - Jan 17 . Or fastest delivery Dec 18 - 21 . Arrives before Christmas. O Padrão Bitcoin (Edição Brasileira): A Alternativa Descentralizada ao Banco Central (Portuguese Edition). Disney world photos
In today’s episode Saifedean talks to former investment banker and author of Heaven’s Bankers, Harris Irfan. They discuss Harris’ decades of experiences in Islamic finance and what sparked his interest in bitcoin as a Muslim. Harris explains why bitcoin might be the most sharia-compatible money, why the decentralized …Saifedean Ammous’ first book, The Bitcoin Standard, is an international best-seller that has been translated into 36 languages. The book garnered praise from respected scholars, successful entrepreneurs, professional athletes, and countless readers worldwide for its engaging and enlightening presentation of sophisticated economic and ...Subscribe to receive regular Economics and Bitcoin updates from Saifedean. Thank you! Your submission has been received! Oops! Something went wrong while submitting ...Saifedean Ammous is author of the seminal book, The Bitcoin Standard, which has been translated into dozen of languages.He is also author of The Fiat Standard and an upcoming book on the …Saifedean Ammous's Biography. Saifedean Ammous is a bestselling author, professor and one of the most well-respected economists in the world. He has a keen interest in Austrian economics and free markets, offering a unique perspective on the world, having grown up in Lebanon during its civil war. His work on Bitcoin and cryptocurrency has …In this episode Saifedean talks to Bitcoin Angel investor Simon Dixon about central bank digital currencies and Bitcoin in the context of today’s economy. They cover why CBDCs represent a radical monetary reform that would give governments unprecedented surveillance power, how the IMF is struggling to find relevance, why Bitcoin represents a …Compellingly, Ammous shows that it is no coincidence that the loftiest achievements of humanity have come in societies enjoying the benefits of sound monetary regimes, nor is it coincidental that monetary collapse has usually accompanied civilizational collapse. With this background in place, the book moves on to explain the …Lecture delivered on Sept 17, 2021, to the Property and Freedom Society in Bodrum, Turkey, at the invitation of Professor Hans Hermann Hoppe. In this lecture, Saifedean discusses the relationship between time preference and hard money. Saifedean argues that the ability to hold a form of money that holds its value into the future reduces the ...Jun 10, 2022 · Saifedean H. Ammous [email protected] +961-71-112718 P.O. Box 13-5053; B eirut, L ba no EDUCATION 2011 2007 2006 2004 2003 Columbia University, NY - USA PhD in Sustainable Development ’ . Recipient of Columbia Faculty Fellowship.Saifedean Ammous is an economist and author of The Bitcoin Standard and Principles of Economics. Learn from his online courses, podcasts, and books on the economics of bitcoin …Apr 10, 2022 · Dr. Saifedean Ammous Explains The Hidden Costs Of Fiat At Bitcoin 2022. Dr. Ammous, author of “The Bitcoin Standard,” explained how fiat has hidden costs and why Bitcoin represents the next generation of money. Detractors of Bitcoin often point to its costs — namely in the form of electricity used in proof-of-work mining and its perceived ...Apr 24, 2018 · Dr. Saifedean Ammous ( Arabic: د. سيف الدين عموص) is Assistant Professor of economics at the Adnan Kassar School of Business at Lebanese American University. Ammous is an expert on and proponent of cryptocurrency, and is the author of the forthcoming book Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central. Holds a PhD in Sustainable Development from Columbia University, an MSc in Development Management from London School of Economics, and a Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering from the American University of Beirut. Saifedean Ammous is a Udemy instructor with educational courses available for enrollment. Check out the latest courses taught by ...Watch videos by Dr. Saifedean Ammous, the author of The Bitcoin Standard and The Fiat Standard. Learn about bitcoin, economics, history, politics, and more from his podcasts, … Saifedean Ammous has started a NEW online economics course on 25 September, Principles of Economics. Whether you're a student, a professional, or a retiree, you are making economic decisions every day, and this course will arm you with the wisdom of centuries of economists to improve your economic decision-making. Dr. Saifedean Ammous is the author of The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling groundbreaking study of the economics of bitcoin. The book was a ... Choose your membership level. Membership-$15.00-1 Month. Get access to all Saifedean's books in digital format, 4 courses and forum membership. Membership+-$45.00-1 Month. Get access to all books in digital format, 4 courses, forum membership & live weekly seminars. Yearly membership-$100.00-1 Year. Get year-round access to all books in …Dr. Saifedean Ammous is the author of The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking, the best-selling groundbreaking study of the economics of bitcoin, published in 36 languages. The book was a pioneer in explaining bitcoin’s value proposition as the hardest money ever discovered, and the only working alternative to ....